Blood pressure

Blood pressure is the measurement of the force of the blood against the arterial walls as the heart pumps blood through the body.

Our blood pressure can change according to the amount of blood in the arteries and the condition and size of the arteries.

Blood pressure can be influenced by physical activity, temperature, diet, stress, posture, medication and your overall health.

Maintaining a healthy blood pressure is essential to our wellbeing. By keeping track of your blood pressure you can reduce your risk of stroke, heart disease and heart attack.

Many people don't realise they have high blood pressure because there are usually no symptoms. Our blood pressure generally gets higher with age as the blood vessels become less elastic.

What is a normal blood pressure?

Blood pressure readings will continually change according to the individual and the bodies needs.

A normal adult blood pressure is a systolic pressure of 120mmHg and a diastolic pressure of less than 80mmHg or 120/80mmHg.

High blood pressure (hypertension) is generally indicated by a consistent blood pressure reading at and above 140/90mmHg.

Uncontrolled high blood pressure (hypertension) is a major risk factor for heart attack, stroke, heart and kidney failure. Blood pressure that is consistently high needs to be properly monitored and managed.

High blood pressure can be managed by medications and lifestyle changes.

A doctor will take your blood pressure routinely to ensure it stays within a healthy range.

Many older people suffer from a drop in blood pressure when they stand up too quickly making them feel dizzy and increasing their risk of falls.

Low blood pressure can also be a sign of other underlying health problems or medication side effects. Low blood pressure may indicate dehydration, heart failure, infection or in severe cases shock.

Helpful resources

• The Heart Foundation publish several useful guides to blood pressure and how to measure and manage your blood pressure. Contact The Heart Health Information Line on 1300 36 27 87

 Related articles

• High blood pressure
• Tips for using blood pressure monitors
• What is a stroke?
• Common effects and complications of stroke
• Stroke prevention and treatment

References

Medline Plus
Blood pressure
Accessed 21/05/09

Heart Foundation
Your blood pressure
Accessed 21/05/09